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diff --git a/docs/howto/create_plugin.rst b/docs/howto/create_plugin.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..437374c7 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/howto/create_plugin.rst @@ -0,0 +1,682 @@ +.. _create-plugin: + +Creating a Slixmpp Plugin +=========================== + +One of the goals of Slixmpp is to provide support for every draft or final +XMPP extension (`XEP <http://xmpp.org/extensions/>`_). To do this, Slixmpp has a +plugin mechanism for adding the functionalities required by each XEP. But even +though plugins were made to quickly implement and prototype the official XMPP +extensions, there is no reason you can't create your own plugin to implement +your own custom XMPP-based protocol. + +This guide will help walk you through the steps to +implement a rudimentary version of `XEP-0077 In-band +Registration <http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0077.html>`_. In-band registration +was implemented in example 14-6 (page 223) of `XMPP: The Definitive +Guide <http://oreilly.com/catalog/9780596521271>`_ because there was no Slixmpp +plugin for XEP-0077 at the time of writing. We will partially fix that issue +here by turning the example implementation from *XMPP: The Definitive Guide* +into a plugin. Again, note that this will not a complete implementation, and a +different, more robust, official plugin for XEP-0077 may be added to Slixmpp +in the future. + +.. note:: + + The example plugin created in this guide is for the server side of the + registration process only. It will **NOT** be able to register new accounts + on an XMPP server. + +First Steps +----------- +Every plugin inherits from the class :mod:`BasePlugin <slixmpp.plugins.base.BasePlugin`, +and must include a ``plugin_init`` method. While the +plugins distributed with Slixmpp must be placed in the plugins directory +``slixmpp/plugins`` to be loaded, custom plugins may be loaded from any +module. To do so, use the following form when registering the plugin: + +.. code-block:: python + + self.register_plugin('myplugin', module=mod_containing_my_plugin) + +The plugin name must be the same as the plugin's class name. + +Now, we can open our favorite text editors and create ``xep_0077.py`` in +``Slixmpp/slixmpp/plugins``. We want to do some basic house-keeping and +declare the name and description of the XEP we are implementing. If you +are creating your own custom plugin, you don't need to include the ``xep`` +attribute. + +.. code-block:: python + + """ + Creating a Slixmpp Plugin + + This is a minimal implementation of XEP-0077 to serve + as a tutorial for creating Slixmpp plugins. + """ + + from slixmpp.plugins.base import BasePlugin + + class xep_0077(BasePlugin): + """ + XEP-0077 In-Band Registration + """ + + def plugin_init(self): + self.description = "In-Band Registration" + self.xep = "0077" + +Now that we have a basic plugin, we need to edit +``slixmpp/plugins/__init__.py`` to include our new plugin by adding +``'xep_0077'`` to the ``__all__`` declaration. + +Interacting with Other Plugins +------------------------------ + +In-band registration is a feature that should be advertised through `Service +Discovery <http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0030.html>`_. To do that, we tell the +``xep_0030`` plugin to add the ``"jabber:iq:register"`` feature. We put this +call in a method named ``post_init`` which will be called once the plugin has +been loaded; by doing so we advertise that we can do registrations only after we +finish activating the plugin. + +The ``post_init`` method needs to call ``BasePlugin.post_init(self)`` +which will mark that ``post_init`` has been called for the plugin. Once the +Slixmpp object begins processing, ``post_init`` will be called on any plugins +that have not already run ``post_init``. This allows you to register plugins and +their dependencies without needing to worry about the order in which you do so. + +**Note:** by adding this call we have introduced a dependency on the XEP-0030 +plugin. Be sure to register ``'xep_0030'`` as well as ``'xep_0077'``. Slixmpp +does not automatically load plugin dependencies for you. + +.. code-block:: python + + def post_init(self): + BasePlugin.post_init(self) + self.xmpp['xep_0030'].add_feature("jabber:iq:register") + +Creating Custom Stanza Objects +------------------------------ + +Now, the IQ stanzas needed to implement our version of XEP-0077 are not very +complex, and we could just interact with the XML objects directly just like +in the *XMPP: The Definitive Guide* example. However, creating custom stanza +objects is good practice. + +We will create a new ``Registration`` stanza. Following the *XMPP: The +Definitive Guide* example, we will add support for a username and password +field. We also need two flags: ``registered`` and ``remove``. The ``registered`` +flag is sent when an already registered user attempts to register, along with +their registration data. The ``remove`` flag is a request to unregister a user's +account. + +Adding additional `fields specified in +XEP-0077 <http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0077.html#registrar-formtypes-register>`_ +will not be difficult and is left as an exercise for the reader. + +Our ``Registration`` class needs to start with a few descriptions of its +behaviour: + +* ``namespace`` + The namespace our stanza object lives in. In this case, + ``"jabber:iq:register"``. + +* ``name`` + The name of the root XML element. In this case, the ``query`` element. + +* ``plugin_attrib`` + The name to access this type of stanza. In particular, given a + registration stanza, the ``Registration`` object can be found using: + ``iq_object['register']``. + +* ``interfaces`` + A list of dictionary-like keys that can be used with the stanza object. + When using ``"key"``, if there exists a method of the form ``getKey``, + ``setKey``, or``delKey`` (depending on context) then the result of calling + that method will be returned. Otherwise, the value of the attribute ``key`` + of the main stanza element is returned if one exists. + + **Note:** The accessor methods currently use title case, and not camel case. + Thus if you need to access an item named ``"methodName"`` you will need to + use ``getMethodname``. This naming convention might change to full camel + case in a future version of Slixmpp. + +* ``sub_interfaces`` + A subset of ``interfaces``, but these keys map to the text of any + subelements that are direct children of the main stanza element. Thus, + referencing ``iq_object['register']['username']`` will either execute + ``getUsername`` or return the value in the ``username`` element of the + query. + + If you need to access an element, say ``elem``, that is not a direct child + of the main stanza element, you will need to add ``getElem``, ``setElem``, + and ``delElem``. See the note above about naming conventions. + +.. code-block:: python + + from slixmpp.xmlstream import ElementBase, ET, JID, register_stanza_plugin + from slixmpp import Iq + + class Registration(ElementBase): + namespace = 'jabber:iq:register' + name = 'query' + plugin_attrib = 'register' + interfaces = {'username', 'password', 'registered', 'remove'} + sub_interfaces = interfaces + + def getRegistered(self): + present = self.xml.find('{%s}registered' % self.namespace) + return present is not None + + def getRemove(self): + present = self.xml.find('{%s}remove' % self.namespace) + return present is not None + + def setRegistered(self, registered): + if registered: + self.addField('registered') + else: + del self['registered'] + + def setRemove(self, remove): + if remove: + self.addField('remove') + else: + del self['remove'] + + def addField(self, name): + itemXML = ET.Element('{%s}%s' % (self.namespace, name)) + self.xml.append(itemXML) + +Setting a ``sub_interface`` attribute to ``""`` will remove that subelement. +Since we want to include empty registration fields in our form, we need the +``addField`` method to add the empty elements. + +Since the ``registered`` and ``remove`` elements are just flags, we need to add +custom logic to enforce the binary behavior. + +Extracting Stanzas from the XML Stream +-------------------------------------- + +Now that we have a custom stanza object, we need to be able to detect when we +receive one. To do this, we register a stream handler that will pattern match +stanzas off of the XML stream against our stanza object's element name and +namespace. To do so, we need to create a ``Callback`` object which contains +an XML fragment that can identify our stanza type. We can add this handler +registration to our ``plugin_init`` method. + +Also, we need to associate our ``Registration`` class with IQ stanzas; +that requires the use of the ``register_stanza_plugin`` function (in +``slixmpp.xmlstream.stanzabase``) which takes the class of a parent stanza +type followed by the substanza type. In our case, the parent stanza is an IQ +stanza, and the substanza is our registration query. + +The ``__handleRegistration`` method referenced in the callback will be our +handler function to process registration requests. + +.. code-block:: python + + def plugin_init(self): + self.description = "In-Band Registration" + self.xep = "0077" + + self.xmpp.register_handler( + Callback('In-Band Registration', + MatchXPath('{%s}iq/{jabber:iq:register}query' % self.xmpp.default_ns), + self.__handleRegistration)) + register_stanza_plugin(Iq, Registration) + +Handling Incoming Stanzas and Triggering Events +----------------------------------------------- +There are six situations that we need to handle to finish our implementation of +XEP-0077. + +**Registration Form Request from a New User:** + + .. code-block:: xml + + <iq type="result"> + <query xmlns="jabber:iq:register"> + <username /> + <password /> + </query> + </iq> + +**Registration Form Request from an Existing User:** + + .. code-block:: xml + + <iq type="result"> + <query xmlns="jabber:iq:register"> + <registered /> + <username>Foo</username> + <password>hunter2</password> + </query> + </iq> + +**Unregister Account:** + + .. code-block:: xml + + <iq type="result"> + <query xmlns="jabber:iq:register" /> + </iq> + +**Incomplete Registration:** + + .. code-block:: xml + + <iq type="error"> + <query xmlns="jabber:iq:register"> + <username>Foo</username> + </query> + <error code="406" type="modify"> + <not-acceptable xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-stanzas" /> + </error> + </iq> + +**Conflicting Registrations:** + + .. code-block:: xml + + <iq type="error"> + <query xmlns="jabber:iq:register"> + <username>Foo</username> + <password>hunter2</password> + </query> + <error code="409" type="cancel"> + <conflict xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-stanzas" /> + </error> + </iq> + +**Successful Registration:** + + .. code-block:: xml + + <iq type="result"> + <query xmlns="jabber:iq:register" /> + </iq> + +Cases 1 and 2: Registration Requests +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +Responding to registration requests depends on if the requesting user already +has an account. If there is an account, the response should include the +``registered`` flag and the user's current registration information. Otherwise, +we just send the fields for our registration form. + +We will handle both cases by creating a ``sendRegistrationForm`` method that +will create either an empty of full form depending on if we provide it with +user data. Since we need to know which form fields to include (especially if we +add support for the other fields specified in XEP-0077), we will also create a +method ``setForm`` which will take the names of the fields we wish to include. + +.. code-block:: python + + def plugin_init(self): + self.description = "In-Band Registration" + self.xep = "0077" + self.form_fields = ('username', 'password') + ... remainder of plugin_init + + ... + + def __handleRegistration(self, iq): + if iq['type'] == 'get': + # Registration form requested + userData = self.backend[iq['from'].bare] + self.sendRegistrationForm(iq, userData) + + def setForm(self, *fields): + self.form_fields = fields + + def sendRegistrationForm(self, iq, userData=None): + reg = iq['register'] + if userData is None: + userData = {} + else: + reg['registered'] = True + + for field in self.form_fields: + data = userData.get(field, '') + if data: + # Add field with existing data + reg[field] = data + else: + # Add a blank field + reg.addField(field) + + iq.reply().set_payload(reg.xml) + iq.send() + +Note how we are able to access our ``Registration`` stanza object with +``iq['register']``. + +A User Backend +++++++++++++++ +You might have noticed the reference to ``self.backend``, which is an object +that abstracts away storing and retrieving user information. Since it is not +much more than a dictionary, we will leave the implementation details to the +final, full source code example. + +Case 3: Unregister an Account +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +The next simplest case to consider is responding to a request to remove +an account. If we receive a ``remove`` flag, we instruct the backend to +remove the user's account. Since your application may need to know about +when users are registered or unregistered, we trigger an event using +``self.xmpp.event('unregister_user', iq)``. See the component examples below for +how to respond to that event. + +.. code-block:: python + + def __handleRegistration(self, iq): + if iq['type'] == 'get': + # Registration form requested + userData = self.backend[iq['from'].bare] + self.sendRegistrationForm(iq, userData) + elif iq['type'] == 'set': + # Remove an account + if iq['register']['remove']: + self.backend.unregister(iq['from'].bare) + self.xmpp.event('unregistered_user', iq) + iq.reply().send() + return + +Case 4: Incomplete Registration +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +For the next case we need to check the user's registration to ensure it has all +of the fields we wanted. The simple option that we will use is to loop over the +field names and check each one; however, this means that all fields we send to +the user are required. Adding optional fields is left to the reader. + +Since we have received an incomplete form, we need to send an error message back +to the user. We have to send a few different types of errors, so we will also +create a ``_sendError`` method that will add the appropriate ``error`` element +to the IQ reply. + +.. code-block:: python + + def __handleRegistration(self, iq): + if iq['type'] == 'get': + # Registration form requested + userData = self.backend[iq['from'].bare] + self.sendRegistrationForm(iq, userData) + elif iq['type'] == 'set': + if iq['register']['remove']: + # Remove an account + self.backend.unregister(iq['from'].bare) + self.xmpp.event('unregistered_user', iq) + iq.reply().send() + return + + for field in self.form_fields: + if not iq['register'][field]: + # Incomplete Registration + self._sendError(iq, '406', 'modify', 'not-acceptable' + "Please fill in all fields.") + return + + ... + + def _sendError(self, iq, code, error_type, name, text=''): + iq.reply().set_payload(iq['register'].xml) + iq.error() + iq['error']['code'] = code + iq['error']['type'] = error_type + iq['error']['condition'] = name + iq['error']['text'] = text + iq.send() + +Cases 5 and 6: Conflicting and Successful Registration +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +We are down to the final decision on if we have a successful registration. We +send the user's data to the backend with the ``self.backend.register`` method. +If it returns ``True``, then registration has been successful. Otherwise, +there has been a conflict with usernames and registration has failed. Like +with unregistering an account, we trigger an event indicating that a user has +been registered by using ``self.xmpp.event('registered_user', iq)``. See the +component examples below for how to respond to this event. + +.. code-block:: python + + def __handleRegistration(self, iq): + if iq['type'] == 'get': + # Registration form requested + userData = self.backend[iq['from'].bare] + self.sendRegistrationForm(iq, userData) + elif iq['type'] == 'set': + if iq['register']['remove']: + # Remove an account + self.backend.unregister(iq['from'].bare) + self.xmpp.event('unregistered_user', iq) + iq.reply().send() + return + + for field in self.form_fields: + if not iq['register'][field]: + # Incomplete Registration + self._sendError(iq, '406', 'modify', 'not-acceptable', + "Please fill in all fields.") + return + + if self.backend.register(iq['from'].bare, iq['register']): + # Successful registration + self.xmpp.event('registered_user', iq) + iq.reply().set_payload(iq['register'].xml) + iq.send() + else: + # Conflicting registration + self._sendError(iq, '409', 'cancel', 'conflict', + "That username is already taken.") + +Example Component Using the XEP-0077 Plugin +------------------------------------------- +Alright, the moment we've been working towards - actually using our plugin to +simplify our other applications. Here is a basic component that simply manages +user registrations and sends the user a welcoming message when they register, +and a farewell message when they delete their account. + +Note that we have to register the ``'xep_0030'`` plugin first, +and that we specified the form fields we wish to use with +``self.xmpp.plugin['xep_0077'].setForm('username', 'password')``. + +.. code-block:: python + + import slixmpp.componentxmpp + + class Example(slixmpp.componentxmpp.ComponentXMPP): + + def __init__(self, jid, password): + slixmpp.componentxmpp.ComponentXMPP.__init__(self, jid, password, 'localhost', 8888) + + self.register_plugin('xep_0030') + self.register_plugin('xep_0077') + self.plugin['xep_0077'].setForm('username', 'password') + + self.add_event_handler("registered_user", self.reg) + self.add_event_handler("unregistered_user", self.unreg) + + def reg(self, iq): + msg = "Welcome! %s" % iq['register']['username'] + self.send_message(iq['from'], msg, mfrom=self.fulljid) + + def unreg(self, iq): + msg = "Bye! %s" % iq['register']['username'] + self.send_message(iq['from'], msg, mfrom=self.fulljid) + +**Congratulations!** We now have a basic, functioning implementation of +XEP-0077. + +Complete Source Code for XEP-0077 Plugin +---------------------------------------- +Here is a copy of a more complete implementation of the plugin we created, but +with some additional registration fields implemented. + +.. code-block:: python + + """ + Creating a Slixmpp Plugin + + This is a minimal implementation of XEP-0077 to serve + as a tutorial for creating Slixmpp plugins. + """ + + from slixmpp.plugins.base import BasePlugin + from slixmpp.xmlstream.handler.callback import Callback + from slixmpp.xmlstream.matcher.xpath import MatchXPath + from slixmpp.xmlstream import ElementBase, ET, JID, register_stanza_plugin + from slixmpp import Iq + import copy + + + class Registration(ElementBase): + namespace = 'jabber:iq:register' + name = 'query' + plugin_attrib = 'register' + interfaces = {'username', 'password', 'email', 'nick', 'name', + 'first', 'last', 'address', 'city', 'state', 'zip', + 'phone', 'url', 'date', 'misc', 'text', 'key', + 'registered', 'remove', 'instructions'} + sub_interfaces = interfaces + + def getRegistered(self): + present = self.xml.find('{%s}registered' % self.namespace) + return present is not None + + def getRemove(self): + present = self.xml.find('{%s}remove' % self.namespace) + return present is not None + + def setRegistered(self, registered): + if registered: + self.addField('registered') + else: + del self['registered'] + + def setRemove(self, remove): + if remove: + self.addField('remove') + else: + del self['remove'] + + def addField(self, name): + itemXML = ET.Element('{%s}%s' % (self.namespace, name)) + self.xml.append(itemXML) + + + class UserStore(object): + def __init__(self): + self.users = {} + + def __getitem__(self, jid): + return self.users.get(jid, None) + + def register(self, jid, registration): + username = registration['username'] + + def filter_usernames(user): + return user != jid and self.users[user]['username'] == username + + conflicts = filter(filter_usernames, self.users.keys()) + if conflicts: + return False + + self.users[jid] = registration + return True + + def unregister(self, jid): + del self.users[jid] + + class xep_0077(BasePlugin): + """ + XEP-0077 In-Band Registration + """ + + def plugin_init(self): + self.description = "In-Band Registration" + self.xep = "0077" + self.form_fields = ('username', 'password') + self.form_instructions = "" + self.backend = UserStore() + + self.xmpp.register_handler( + Callback('In-Band Registration', + MatchXPath('{%s}iq/{jabber:iq:register}query' % self.xmpp.default_ns), + self.__handleRegistration)) + register_stanza_plugin(Iq, Registration) + + def post_init(self): + BasePlugin.post_init(self) + self.xmpp['xep_0030'].add_feature("jabber:iq:register") + + def __handleRegistration(self, iq): + if iq['type'] == 'get': + # Registration form requested + userData = self.backend[iq['from'].bare] + self.sendRegistrationForm(iq, userData) + elif iq['type'] == 'set': + if iq['register']['remove']: + # Remove an account + self.backend.unregister(iq['from'].bare) + self.xmpp.event('unregistered_user', iq) + iq.reply().send() + return + + for field in self.form_fields: + if not iq['register'][field]: + # Incomplete Registration + self._sendError(iq, '406', 'modify', 'not-acceptable', + "Please fill in all fields.") + return + + if self.backend.register(iq['from'].bare, iq['register']): + # Successful registration + self.xmpp.event('registered_user', iq) + reply = iq.reply() + reply.set_payload(iq['register'].xml) + reply.send() + else: + # Conflicting registration + self._sendError(iq, '409', 'cancel', 'conflict', + "That username is already taken.") + + def setForm(self, *fields): + self.form_fields = fields + + def setInstructions(self, instructions): + self.form_instructions = instructions + + def sendRegistrationForm(self, iq, userData=None): + reg = iq['register'] + if userData is None: + userData = {} + else: + reg['registered'] = True + + if self.form_instructions: + reg['instructions'] = self.form_instructions + + for field in self.form_fields: + data = userData.get(field, '') + if data: + # Add field with existing data + reg[field] = data + else: + # Add a blank field + reg.addField(field) + + reply = iq.reply() + reply.set_payload(reg.xml) + reply.send() + + def _sendError(self, iq, code, error_type, name, text=''): + reply = iq.reply() + reply.set_payload(iq['register'].xml) + reply.error() + reply['error']['code'] = code + reply['error']['type'] = error_type + reply['error']['condition'] = name + reply['error']['text'] = text + reply.send() diff --git a/docs/howto/features.rst b/docs/howto/features.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..4d93d5c3 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/howto/features.rst @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +How to Use Stream Features +========================== diff --git a/docs/howto/guide_xep_0030.rst b/docs/howto/guide_xep_0030.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..a3af4857 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/howto/guide_xep_0030.rst @@ -0,0 +1,200 @@ +XEP-0030: Working with Service Discovery +======================================== + +XMPP networks can be composed of many individual clients, components, +and servers. Determining the JIDs for these entities and the various +features they may support is the role of `XEP-0030, Service +Discovery <http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0030.html>`_, or "disco" for short. + +Every XMPP entity may possess what are called nodes. A node is just a name for +some aspect of an XMPP entity. For example, if an XMPP entity provides `Ad-Hoc +Commands <http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0050.html>`_, then it will have a node +named ``http://jabber.org/protocol/commands`` which will contain information +about the commands provided. Other agents using these ad-hoc commands will +interact with the information provided by this node. Note that the node name is +just an identifier; there is no inherent meaning. + +Working with service discovery is about creating and querying these nodes. +According to XEP-0030, a node may contain three types of information: +identities, features, and items. (Further, extensible, information types are +defined in `XEP-0128 <http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0128.html>`_, but they are +not yet implemented by Slixmpp.) Slixmpp provides methods to configure each +of these node attributes. + +Configuring Service Discovery +----------------------------- +The design focus for the XEP-0030 plug-in is handling info and items requests +in a dynamic fashion, allowing for complex policy decisions of who may receive +information and how much, or use alternate backend storage mechanisms for all +of the disco data. To do this, each action that the XEP-0030 plug-in performs +is handed off to what is called a "node handler," which is just a callback +function. These handlers are arranged in a hierarchy that allows for a single +handler to manage an entire domain of JIDs (say for a component), while allowing +other handler functions to override that global behaviour for certain JIDs, or +even further limited to only certain JID and node combinations. + +The Dynamic Handler Hierarchy +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +* ``global``: (JID is None, node is None) + + Handlers assigned at this level for an action (such as ``add_feature``) provide a global default + behaviour when the action is performed. + +* ``jid``: (JID assigned, node is None) + + At this level, handlers provide a default behaviour for actions affecting any node owned by the + JID in question. This level is most useful for component connections; there is effectively no + difference between this and the global level when using a client connection. + +* ``node``: (JID assigned, node assigned) + + A handler for this level is responsible for carrying out an action for only one node, and is the + most specific handler type available. These types of handlers will be most useful for "special" + nodes that require special processing different than others provided by the JID, such as using + access control lists, or consolidating data from other nodes. + +Default Static Handlers +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +The XEP-0030 plug-in provides a default set of handlers that work using in-memory +disco stanzas. Each handler simply performs the appropriate lookup or storage +operation using these stanzas without doing any complex operations such as +checking an ACL, etc. + +You may find it necessary at some point to revert a particular node or JID to +using the default, static handlers. To do so, use the method ``restore_defaults()``. +You may also elect to only convert a given set of actions instead. + +Creating a Node Handler +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +Every node handler receives three arguments: the JID, the node, and a data +parameter that will contain the relevant information for carrying out the +handler's action, typically a dictionary. + +The JID will always have a value, defaulting to ``xmpp.boundjid.full`` for +components or ``xmpp.boundjid.bare`` for clients. The node value may be None or +a string. + +Only handlers for the actions ``get_info`` and ``get_items`` need to have return +values. For these actions, DiscoInfo or DiscoItems stanzas are exepected as +output. It is also acceptable for handlers for these actions to generate an +XMPPError exception when necessary. + +Example Node Handler: ++++++++++++++++++++++ +Here is one of the built-in default handlers as an example: + +.. code-block:: python + + def add_identity(self, jid, node, data): + """ + Add a new identity to the JID/node combination. + + The data parameter may provide: + category -- The general category to which the agent belongs. + itype -- A more specific designation with the category. + name -- Optional human readable name for this identity. + lang -- Optional standard xml:lang value. + """ + self.add_node(jid, node) + self.nodes[(jid, node)]['info'].add_identity( + data.get('category', ''), + data.get('itype', ''), + data.get('name', None), + data.get('lang', None)) + +Adding Identities, Features, and Items +-------------------------------------- +In order to maintain some backwards compatibility, the methods ``add_identity``, +``add_feature``, and ``add_item`` do not follow the method signature pattern of +the other API methods (i.e. jid, node, then other options), but rather retain +the parameter orders from previous plug-in versions. + +Adding an Identity +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +Adding an identity may be done using either the older positional notation, or +with keyword parameters. The example below uses the keyword arguments, but in +the same order as expected using positional arguments. + +.. code-block:: python + + xmpp['xep_0030'].add_identity(category='client', + itype='bot', + name='Slixmpp', + node='foo', + jid=xmpp.boundjid.full, + lang='no') + +The JID and node values determine which handler will be used to perform the +``add_identity`` action. + +The ``lang`` parameter allows for adding localized versions of identities using +the ``xml:lang`` attribute. + +Adding a Feature +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +The position ordering for ``add_feature()`` is to include the feature, then +specify the node and then the JID. The JID and node values determine which +handler will be used to perform the ``add_feature`` action. + +.. code-block:: python + + xmpp['xep_0030'].add_feature(feature='jabber:x:data', + node='foo', + jid=xmpp.boundjid.full) + +Adding an Item +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +The parameters to ``add_item()`` are potentially confusing due to the fact that +adding an item requires two JID and node combinations: the JID and node of the +item itself, and the JID and node that will own the item. + +.. code-block:: python + + xmpp['xep_0030'].add_item(jid='myitemjid@example.com', + name='An Item!', + node='owner_node', + subnode='item_node', + ijid=xmpp.boundjid.full) + +.. note:: + + In this case, the owning JID and node are provided with the + parameters ``ijid`` and ``node``. + +Performing Disco Queries +------------------------ +The methods ``get_info()`` and ``get_items()`` are used to query remote JIDs +and their nodes for disco information. Since these methods are wrappers for +sending Iq stanzas, they also accept all of the parameters of the ``Iq.send()`` +method. The ``get_items()`` method may also accept the boolean parameter +``iterator``, which when set to ``True`` will return an iterator object using +the `XEP-0059 <http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0059.html>`_ plug-in. + +.. code-block:: python + + info = yield from self['xep_0030'].get_info(jid='foo@example.com', + node='bar', + ifrom='baz@mycomponent.example.com', + timeout=30) + + items = self['xep_0030'].get_info(jid='foo@example.com', + node='bar', + iterator=True) + +For more examples on how to use basic disco queries, check the ``disco_browser.py`` +example in the ``examples`` directory. + +Local Queries +~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +In some cases, it may be necessary to query the contents of a node owned by the +client itself, or one of a component's many JIDs. The same method is used as for +normal queries, with two differences. First, the parameter ``local=True`` must +be used. Second, the return value will be a DiscoInfo or DiscoItems stanza, not +a full Iq stanza. + +.. code-block:: python + + info = self['xep_0030'].get_info(node='foo', local=True) + items = self['xep_0030'].get_items(jid='somejid@mycomponent.example.com', + node='bar', + local=True) diff --git a/docs/howto/handlersmatchers.rst b/docs/howto/handlersmatchers.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..628c4142 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/howto/handlersmatchers.rst @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +.. _using-handlers-matchers: + +Using Stream Handlers and Matchers +================================== diff --git a/docs/howto/index.rst b/docs/howto/index.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b05dc499 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/howto/index.rst @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +Tutorials, FAQs, and How To Guides +---------------------------------- + +.. toctree:: + :maxdepth: 2 + + stanzas + create_plugin + features + sasl + handlersmatchers + guide_xep_0030 + xmpp_tdg diff --git a/docs/howto/sasl.rst b/docs/howto/sasl.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..46c45c2a --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/howto/sasl.rst @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +How SASL Authentication Works +============================= diff --git a/docs/howto/xeps.rst b/docs/howto/xeps.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c5b4592d --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/howto/xeps.rst @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +Supported XEPS +============== + +======= ============================= ================ +XEP Description Notes +======= ============================= ================ +`0004`_ Data forms +`0009`_ Jabber RPC +`0012`_ Last Activity +`0030`_ Service Discovery +`0033`_ Extended Stanza Addressing +`0045`_ Multi-User Chat (MUC) Client-side only +`0050`_ Ad-hoc Commands +`0059`_ Result Set Management +`0060`_ Publish/Subscribe (PubSub) Client-side only +`0066`_ Out-of-band Data +`0078`_ Non-SASL Authentication +`0082`_ XMPP Date and Time Profiles +`0085`_ Chat-State Notifications +`0086`_ Error Condition Mappings +`0092`_ Software Version +`0128`_ Service Discovery Extensions +`0202`_ Entity Time +`0203`_ Delayed Delivery +`0224`_ Attention +`0249`_ Direct MUC Invitations +======= ============================= ================ + + +.. _0004: http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0004.html +.. _0009: http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0009.html +.. _0012: http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0012.html +.. _0030: http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0030.html +.. _0033: http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0033.html +.. _0045: http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0045.html +.. _0050: http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0050.html +.. _0059: http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0059.html +.. _0060: http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0060.html +.. _0066: http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0066.html +.. _0078: http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0078.html +.. _0082: http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0082.html +.. _0085: http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0085.html +.. _0086: http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0086.html +.. _0092: http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0092.html +.. _0128: http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0128.html +.. _0199: http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0199.html +.. _0202: http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0202.html +.. _0203: http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0203.html +.. _0224: http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0224.html +.. _0249: http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0249.html diff --git a/docs/howto/xmpp_tdg.rst b/docs/howto/xmpp_tdg.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..53194e13 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/howto/xmpp_tdg.rst @@ -0,0 +1,249 @@ +Following *XMPP: The Definitive Guide* +====================================== + +Slixmpp was featured in the first edition of the O'Reilly book +`XMPP: The Definitive Guide <http://oreilly.com/catalog/9780596521271/>`_ +by Peter Saint-Andre, Kevin Smith, and Remko Tronçon. The original source code +for the book's examples can be found at http://github.com/remko/xmpp-tdg. An +updated version of the source code, maintained to stay current with the latest +Slixmpp release, is available at http://github.com/legastero/xmpp-tdg. + +However, since publication, Slixmpp has advanced from version 0.2.1 to version +1.0 and there have been several major API changes. The most notable is the +introduction of :term:`stanza objects <stanza object>` which have simplified and +standardized interactions with the XMPP XML stream. + +What follows is a walk-through of *The Definitive Guide* highlighting the +changes needed to make the code examples work with version 1.0 of Slixmpp. +These changes have been kept to a minimum to preserve the correlation with +the book's explanations, so be aware that some code may not use current best +practices. + +Example 2-2. (Page 26) +---------------------- + +**Implementation of a basic bot that echoes all incoming messages back to its sender.** + +The echo bot example requires a change to the ``handleIncomingMessage`` method +to reflect the use of the ``Message`` :term:`stanza object`. The +``"jid"`` field of the message object should now be ``"from"`` to match the +``from`` attribute of the actual XML message stanza. Likewise, ``"message"`` +changes to ``"body"`` to match the ``body`` element of the message stanza. + +Updated Code +~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +.. code-block:: python + + def handleIncomingMessage(self, message): + self.xmpp.send_message(message["from"], message["body"]) + +`View full source (1) <http://github.com/legastero/xmpp-tdg/blob/master/code/EchoBot/EchoBot.py>`_ | +`View original code (1) <http://github.com/remko/xmpp-tdg/blob/master/code/EchoBot/EchoBot.py>`_ + +Example 14-1. (Page 215) +------------------------ + +**CheshiR IM bot implementation.** + +The main event handling method in the Bot class is meant to process both message +events and presence update events. With the new changes in Slixmpp 1.0, +extracting a CheshiR status "message" from both types of stanzas +requires accessing different attributes. In the case of a message stanza, the +``"body"`` attribute would contain the CheshiR message. For a presence event, +the information is stored in the ``"status"`` attribute. To handle both cases, +we can test the type of the given event object and look up the proper attribute +based on the type. + +Like in the EchoBot example, the expression ``event["jid"]`` needs to change +to ``event["from"]`` in order to get a JID object for the stanza's sender. +Because other functions in CheshiR assume that the JID is a string, the ``jid`` +attribute is used to access the string version of the JID. A check is also added +in case ``user`` is ``None``, but the check could (and probably should) be +placed in ``addMessageFromUser``. + +Another change is needed in ``handleMessageAddedToBackend`` where +an HTML-IM response is created. The HTML content should be enclosed in a single +element, such as a ``<p>`` tag. + +Updated Code +~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +.. code-block:: python + + def handleIncomingXMPPEvent(self, event): + msgLocations = {slixmpp.stanza.presence.Presence: "status", + slixmpp.stanza.message.Message: "body"} + + message = event[msgLocations[type(event)]] + user = self.backend.getUserFromJID(event["from"].jid) + if user is not None: + self.backend.addMessageFromUser(message, user) + + def handleMessageAddedToBackend(self, message) : + body = message.user + ": " + message.text + htmlBody = "<p><a href='%(uri)s'>%(user)s</a>: %(message)s</p>" % { + "uri": self.url + "/" + message.user, + "user" : message.user, "message" : message.text } + for subscriberJID in self.backend.getSubscriberJIDs(message.user) : + self.xmpp.send_message(subscriberJID, body, mhtml=htmlBody) + +`View full source (2) <http://github.com/legastero/xmpp-tdg/blob/master/code/CheshiR/Bot.py>`_ | +`View original code (2) <http://github.com/remko/xmpp-tdg/blob/master/code/CheshiR/Bot.py>`_ + + +Example 14-3. (Page 217) +------------------------ +**Configurable CheshiR IM bot implementation.** + +.. note:: + Since the CheshiR examples build on each other, see previous sections for + corrections to code that is not marked as new in the book example. + +The main difference for the configurable IM bot is the handling for the +data form in ``handleConfigurationCommand``. The test for equality +with the string ``"1"`` is no longer required; Slixmpp converts +boolean data form fields to the values ``True`` and ``False`` +automatically. + +For the method ``handleIncomingXMPPPresence``, the attribute +``"jid"`` is again converted to ``"from"`` to get a JID +object for the presence stanza's sender, and the ``jid`` attribute is +used to access the string version of that JID object. A check is also added in +case ``user`` is ``None``, but the check could (and probably +should) be placed in ``getShouldMonitorPresenceFromUser``. + +Updated Code +~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +.. code-block:: python + + def handleConfigurationCommand(self, form, sessionId): + values = form.getValues() + monitorPresence =values["monitorPresence"] + jid = self.xmpp.plugin["xep_0050"].sessions[sessionId]["jid"] + user = self.backend.getUserFromJID(jid) + self.backend.setShouldMonitorPresenceFromUser(user, monitorPresence) + + def handleIncomingXMPPPresence(self, event): + user = self.backend.getUserFromJID(event["from"].jid) + if user is not None: + if self.backend.getShouldMonitorPresenceFromUser(user): + self.handleIncomingXMPPEvent(event) + +`View full source (3) <http://github.com/legastero/xmpp-tdg/blob/master/code/CheshiR/ConfigurableBot.py>`_ | +`View original code (3) <http://github.com/remko/xmpp-tdg/blob/master/code/CheshiR/ConfigurableBot.py>`_ + + +Example 14-4. (Page 220) +------------------------ +**CheshiR IM server component implementation.** + +.. note:: + Since the CheshiR examples build on each other, see previous sections for + corrections to code that is not marked as new in the book example. + +Like several previous examples, a needed change is to replace +``subscription["from"]`` with ``subscription["from"].jid`` because the +``BaseXMPP`` method ``make_presence`` requires the JID to be a string. + +A correction needs to be made in ``handleXMPPPresenceProbe`` because a line was +left out of the original implementation; the variable ``user`` is undefined. The +JID of the user can be extracted from the presence stanza's ``from`` attribute. + +Since this implementation of CheshiR uses an XMPP component, it must +include a ``from`` attribute in all messages that it sends. Adding the +``from`` attribute is done by including ``mfrom=self.xmpp.jid`` in calls to +``self.xmpp.send_message``. + +Updated Code +~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +.. code-block:: python + + def handleXMPPPresenceProbe(self, event) : + self.xmpp.send_presence(pto = event["from"]) + + def handleXMPPPresenceSubscription(self, subscription) : + if subscription["type"] == "subscribe" : + userJID = subscription["from"].jid + self.xmpp.send_presence_subscription(pto=userJID, ptype="subscribed") + self.xmpp.send_presence(pto = userJID) + self.xmpp.send_presence_subscription(pto=userJID, ptype="subscribe") + + def handleMessageAddedToBackend(self, message) : + body = message.user + ": " + message.text + for subscriberJID in self.backend.getSubscriberJIDs(message.user) : + self.xmpp.send_message(subscriberJID, body, mfrom=self.xmpp.jid) + +`View full source (4) <http://github.com/legastero/xmpp-tdg/blob/master/code/CheshiR/SimpleComponent.py>`_ | +`View original code (4) <http://github.com/remko/xmpp-tdg/blob/master/code/CheshiR/SimpleComponent.py>`_ + + +Example 14-6. (Page 223) +------------------------ +**CheshiR IM server component with in-band registration support.** + +.. note:: + Since the CheshiR examples build on each other, see previous sections for + corrections to code that is not marked as new in the book example. + +After applying the changes from Example 14-4 above, the registrable component +implementation should work correctly. + +.. tip:: + To see how to implement in-band registration as a Slixmpp plugin, + see the tutorial :ref:`tutorial-create-plugin`. + +`View full source (5) <http://github.com/legastero/xmpp-tdg/blob/master/code/CheshiR/RegistrableComponent.py>`_ | +`View original code (5) <http://github.com/remko/xmpp-tdg/blob/master/code/CheshiR/RegistrableComponent.py>`_ + +Example 14-7. (Page 225) +------------------------ +**Extended CheshiR IM server component implementation.** + +.. note:: + Since the CheshiR examples build on each other, see previous + sections for corrections to code that is not marked as new in the book + example. + +While the final code example can look daunting with all of the changes +made, it requires very few modifications to work with the latest version of +Slixmpp. Most differences are the result of CheshiR's backend functions +expecting JIDs to be strings so that they can be stripped to bare JIDs. To +resolve these, use the ``jid`` attribute of the JID objects. Also, +references to ``"message"`` and ``"jid"`` attributes need to +be changed to either ``"body"`` or ``"status"``, and either +``"from"`` or ``"to"`` depending on if the object is a message +or presence stanza and which of the JIDs from the stanza is needed. + +Updated Code +~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +.. code-block:: python + + def handleIncomingXMPPMessage(self, event) : + message = self.addRecipientToMessage(event["body"], event["to"].jid) + user = self.backend.getUserFromJID(event["from"].jid) + self.backend.addMessageFromUser(message, user) + + def handleIncomingXMPPPresence(self, event) : + if event["to"].jid == self.componentDomain : + user = self.backend.getUserFromJID(event["from"].jid) + self.backend.addMessageFromUser(event["status"], user) + + ... + + def handleXMPPPresenceSubscription(self, subscription) : + if subscription["type"] == "subscribe" : + userJID = subscription["from"].jid + user = self.backend.getUserFromJID(userJID) + contactJID = subscription["to"] + self.xmpp.send_presence_subscription( + pfrom=contactJID, pto=userJID, ptype="subscribed", pnick=user) + self.sendPresenceOfContactToUser(contactJID=contactJID, userJID=userJID) + if contactJID == self.componentDomain : + self.sendAllContactSubscriptionRequestsToUser(userJID) + +`View full source (6) <http://github.com/legastero/xmpp-tdg/blob/master/code/CheshiR/Component.py>`_ | +`View original code (6) <http://github.com/remko/xmpp-tdg/blob/master/code/CheshiR/Component.py>`_ |